How does sulfur affect the properties of pig iron___________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. hard’
Explanation
Sulfur chemically combines with molten iron to form iron sulfide inclusions that severely increase hardness and brittleness. The presence of sulfur disrupts graphite flake formation, promoting white iron characteristics during the pig iron solidification process. Increased hardness makes sulfur-contaminated pig iron difficult to machine and prone to catastrophic cracking under mechanical impacts. Pig iron is the intermediate crude metal product produced by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. Metallurgical impurities like sulfur, phosphorus, and silicon drastically alter the mechanical properties of ferrous alloys. High sulfur is generally considered an undesirable contaminant in iron production because it degrades ductility and toughness.
Option B is incorrect because sulfur hardens the iron matrix rather than softening the finished metal. Option C is wrong since sulfur reduces ductility by introducing brittle sulfide inclusions into the material. Option D is inaccurate because sulfur embrittles the iron, drastically lowering its resistance to impact loads.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Mechanical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
Related questions
Q1. What primary operational issue is addressed by boiler feed water conditioning__________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: E. all of the above
Boiler feed water conditioning uses specific chemical treatments to neutralize dissolved oxygen and control pH levels, preventing corrosion. Antiscalant chemicals and water softeners bind calcium and magnesium ions to pr...
Q2. What is the capacity of the largest thermal power generation unit currently running in India ________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: E. 500 MW
Thermal power generation units in various large-scale stations reach individual capacities up to 500 MW. Electrical grids in major developing nations incorporate large subcritical and supercritical thermal units rated at...
Q3. What are the primary elemental components of Hastelloy alloys_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. nickel, molybdenum etc
Hastelloy alloys are classified as nickel-base superalloys containing significant amounts of molybdenum. The combination of nickel and molybdenum provides exceptional resistance to severe chemical attack. Other alloying...
Q4. How does the bulk modulus of elasticity respond to an increase in fluid pressure__________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. increases
Bulk modulus measures a fluid resistance to uniform compression, indicating how easily its volume changes under pressure. As external fluid pressure increases, the molecules are forced closer together, which increases th...
Q5. To what physical property is the surface energy per unit area numerically equivalent _____________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. surface tension
Surface energy per unit area is numerically and dimensionally equivalent to surface tension in liquid interfaces. Work required to increase the surface area of a liquid against molecular forces equals the product of surf...
Q6. How is the center of pressure defined for a submerged flat surface under fluid loading_______________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. on the surface at which resultant pres-sure acts
The center of pressure is the specific geometric location where the resultant hydrostatic force acts. Hydrostatic pressure increases with depth, shifting this resultant force below the centroid. Calculations of this poin...