During the calcination of limestone (CaCO3 ⇌ CaO + CO2), introducing extra CaO will lead to _______________ in the concentration of CO2?
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Answer: A. No change
Explanation
Heterogeneous equilibria involving pure solids do not include solid concentrations in equilibrium expressions. Adding more solid calcium oxide does not alter the gas phase carbon dioxide partial pressure. Equilibrium constant depends only on carbon dioxide gas concentration at a specific temperature. Heterogeneous equilibria involve chemical species present in different physical phases. Concentrations of pure solids and pure liquids are treated as constant in equilibrium laws. Le Chatelier's principle predicts system shifts when stress is applied to equilibria.
Industrial lime manufacturing kilns rely on temperature control rather than solid amounts. Metallurgical calcination processes require maintaining specific gas partial pressures. Chemical thermodynamic calculations omit pure condensed phases from equilibrium constant equations. Option b incorrectly suggests that adding solid reactants increases gaseous product concentrations. Option c incorrectly implies that adding solid products shifts gas equilibrium concentrations downward. Option d is incorrect because established thermodynamic principles provide a predictable answer.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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