Cup-and-cone fractures are characteristically observed in which of the following ?
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Answer: C. Round specimen of ductile metal
Explanation
Ductile metals under tensile testing undergo significant necking and microvoid coalescence phenomena. This progressive localized deformation results in a characteristic cup-and-cone fracture appearance. Round specimens of ductile metal display this classic failure geometry clearly after pulling. Tensile testing pulls standard metal specimens apart until catastrophic mechanical fracture occurs. Ductility allows metals to experience large plastic deformation before finally breaking apart. Fractography analysis examines broken metal surfaces to determine the mode of mechanical failure.
Materials engineers test structural metals to ensure they deform safely before sudden fracture happens. Analyzing microscopic dimples on cup-and-cone fracture surfaces confirms ductile failure mechanisms. Quality control laboratories rely on tensile fracture appearance to verify proper heat treatment. Cast iron exhibits brittle fracture behavior without significant plastic necking or cup-and-cone features. Soft brass shows ductility, but flat specimens produce different geometric shear fracture surfaces. Flat tensile specimens of ductile material typically fail with a chisel edge rather than a cup-and-cone.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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