Cast iron is characterized by exceptionally high ___________________?
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Answer: A. Proximity between its elastic limit and ultimate breaking strength
Explanation
Cast iron exhibits very little plastic deformation range before fracturing under tensile loads. Because it fractures immediately after yielding, its elastic limit is extremely close to its ultimate strength. This lack of significant yielding behavior is a primary mechanical signature of brittle cast iron materials. Ductile materials display extensive yielding and plastic elongation before reaching ultimate failure. Cast iron contains graphite flakes that act as internal stress concentrators, promoting brittle fracture. Stress-strain curves for cast iron show nearly linear behavior up to the point of sudden rupture.
Engineers must account for brittleness when designing structural components subjected to impact loads. Cast iron is unsuitable for tensile tie rods but performs exceptionally well under static compression. Machine tool bases are frequently made of cast iron to dampen vibrations effectively. Cast iron possesses extremely low ductility, meaning it cannot undergo significant plastic deformation. Tensile strength of gray cast iron is comparatively low due to the presence of internal graphite flakes. Option D is incorrect because cast iron lacks ductility and high tensile strength.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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