Body-centered cubic crystal systems contain how many atoms per unit cell?
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Answer: D. 2
Explanation
A body-centered cubic unit cell contains a net total of two atoms per cell. Corner atoms contribute a combined total of one atom divided among adjacent unit cells. The single atom located precisely in the center contributes one full atom to the cell. Body-centered cubic crystals feature atoms at each corner and one single atom at the center. This crystal arrangement possesses a lower atomic packing factor than face-centered cubic structures. Metals such as alpha-iron, chromium, and tungsten crystallize in this specific body-centered geometry.
The body-centered cubic phase of iron is responsible for the magnetic properties of standard steels. Materials with this crystal structure typically exhibit higher yield strength and distinct ductile-brittle transitions. Crystallographic studies use unit cell calculations to determine macroscopic mechanical properties of metals. Six atoms per unit cell exceeds the count found in standard cubic crystal lattice systems. Five atoms per unit cell is incorrect because cubic lattices contain integer atomic fractions summing differently. Three atoms per unit cell does not match any standard symmetric metallic crystal structure configuration.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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