According to the buoyancy principle, any object fully or partially submerged in a fluid experiences an upward lifting force equivalent to__________________?
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Answer: D. weight of the fluid displaced by the body
Explanation
Archimedes principle states that buoyant force equals the weight of displaced fluid. Any submerged body experiences an upward lifting force matching the missing fluid volume weight. This foundational hydrodynamic principle explains why heavy steel ships remain afloat. Ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes discovered buoyancy principles while in a public bath. Buoyant force arises from the hydrostatic pressure gradient increasing with fluid depth. The density of the displaced fluid determines the magnitude of the resulting buoyant force.
Naval architects apply buoyancy calculations to determine safe cargo weight limits for ships. Hot air balloons ascend because heated air inside weighs less than displaced ambient air. Submarines control their depth by flooding and emptying ballast tanks with seawater. An upward force equal to the total body weight describes equilibrium rather than buoyancy magnitude. More than the body weight causes objects to accelerate upward out of the liquid. Less than the body weight results in the object sinking toward the container bottom.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Civil Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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