A water jet emerging from a hole at the base of a tank traces a trajectory shaped as a__________________?
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Answer: A. Parabola (vertex being at the opening)
Explanation
A water jet exiting an orifice is subjected to a constant downward gravitational acceleration force. Combining constant horizontal velocity with vertical free-fall acceleration yields a classic projectile trajectory. This path forms a symmetrical parabola whose geometric vertex is located precisely at the opening. Torricelli law determines the theoretical velocity of liquid flowing out of an orifice under gravity. Projectile motion equations separate horizontal motion from vertical gravitational acceleration components. Fluid particles escaping a tank container retain their initial horizontal velocity vector.
Hydraulic laboratory experiments use orifice discharge trajectories to verify basic projectile mechanics. Designing spillways and tank drainage outlets requires calculating liquid jet landing zones accurately. Civil engineers analyze water streams to prevent structural erosion near reservoir discharge structures. Option B suggests a hyperbola, which does not match the quadratic kinematic equations of projectile motion. Option C proposes a horizontal line, ignoring the continuous downward pull of Earth gravity. Option D claims a random zig-zag path, which contradicts predictable fluid dynamics laws.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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