A runway is 1000 m long with elevations at 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 m points recorded as 100.0 m, 99.2 m, 101.0 m, 101.8 m, 101.4 m, and 101.0 m respectively. Calculate its effective gradient______________?
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Answer: B. 0.26%
Explanation
Effective gradient calculation requires dividing total elevation change by total runway length. Summing the differences across all recorded points gives the precise elevation change. Dividing the total elevation change by the runway length yields the decimal fraction. Runway slope is critical for aircraft performance and drainage design during operations. Civil engineers survey elevations at regular intervals to determine overall runway profiling. Gradient percentages are expressed as vertical rise divided by horizontal run multiplied by.
Airport planners use runway gradients to ensure safe takeoff and landing acceleration. Steeper gradients increase required runway lengths for heavily loaded commercial aircraft. Proper grading prevents standing water accumulation on active aircraft movement surfaces. Alternative options represent incorrect arithmetic steps during the profile evaluation process. Incorrect gradient values would fail standard aviation safety and civil design codes. Wrong calculations often stem from misinterpreting intermediate elevation differential values.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Civil Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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