The viewpoint attributing societal inequality to corrupt and divisive institutional practices aligns with the ideology of_______________?
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Answer: D. classical liberalism
Explanation
Classical liberalism emphasizes individual liberty and often critiques systemic institutional barriers or corrupt practices. It argues that corrupt institutions distort free markets and prevent fair competition among citizens. This ideological framework links societal inequalities to flaws within legal and political structures. Classical liberalism emerged during the Enlightenment advocating for limited government and individual rights. Thinkers like John Locke argued that property and personal freedom require protection from arbitrary power. It promotes laissez faire economic policies alongside civil liberties and the rule of law.
Political scientists reference classical liberalism when analyzing debates on government regulation and social reform. Reformers often cite institutional corruption when advocating for policies to level the socioeconomic playing field. Understanding this ideology helps explain modern debates regarding meritocracy and equal opportunity. Social Darwinism attributes inequality to supposed biological or natural fitness differences among individuals. Classical conservatism emphasizes tradition social order and the preservation of established institutions. Structural functionalism views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity.
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