Which of the following statements regarding the van der Waals equation (P + n2a / v2)(v – nb) = nRT is incorrect?
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Answer: C. at high densities the equation reduces to the ideal gas law
Explanation
At high pressures repulsive molecular volume forces dominate true behavior. Real gases diverge significantly from ideal assumptions under extreme conditions. The equation accounts for molecular volume and intermolecular attractive forces. Van der Waals equation modifies ideal gas law for real conditions. Parameter a corrects for intermolecular attractions while parameter b corrects volume. Ideal gases assume zero molecular volume and zero intermolecular forces completely.
Industrial chemical synthesis often operates at extremely high pressures. Engineers must use real gas equations for accurate equipment design. Deviations from ideal behavior become critical in petrochemical processing plants. Option A is incorrect because the term actually corrects for attractions. Option B is wrong because the question asks for the incorrect statement. Option D cannot be chosen since statement C is definitely false.
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