Catalytic hydrogenation of phenol over nickel under heating conditions produces_________________?
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Answer: D. cyclohexanol
Explanation
Catalytic hydrogenation adds hydrogen across the aromatic ring of phenol. Nickel catalysts facilitate the addition of hydrogen under elevated heat and pressure. This reduction process saturates the benzene ring to yield cyclohexanol. Hydrogenation reactions involve adding hydrogen molecules across unsaturated chemical bonds. Phenol consists of a hydroxyl group attached directly to an aromatic benzene ring. Metal catalysts like nickel, platinum, or palladium are essential for these reactions.
Hydrogenation is widely used in industrial chemistry to saturate oils and organic compounds. Cyclohexanol is an important chemical intermediate used in producing nylon polymers. Controlling reaction conditions prevents unwanted side reactions during catalytic reduction. Cyclohexane lacks the hydroxyl group retained during the hydrogenation of phenol. N-hexane is an acyclic straight-chain alkane formed by complete ring destruction. 1-hexanol is a primary alcohol with a linear carbon chain rather than a ring.
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