Which of the following conditions leads to paralysis caused by a viral infection targeting the C.N.S:
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Answer: D. Polio
Explanation
Polio is caused by a poliovirus that specifically targets and infects the central nervous system. Viral infection of motor neurons in the spinal cord sometimes leads to irreversible muscle paralysis. Polio is the correct viral condition associated with central nervous system destruction and paralysis. Poliovirus is an enterovirus transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route in contaminated water. The virus destroys anterior horn cells in the spinal cord, interrupting neuromuscular signal transmission. Mass vaccination campaigns utilizing oral and inactivated vaccines have nearly eradicated polio globally.
Paralytic poliomyelitis historically caused widespread panic and lifelong disability among infected children. Public health surveillance programs monitor global wastewater systems to detect any lingering poliovirus strains. Global eradication efforts demonstrate the power of coordinated vaccination initiatives against viral diseases. Measles is a highly contagious viral infection causing rash and fever rather than motor paralysis. Herpes simplex viruses typically cause recurrent cold sores or genital lesions on epithelial tissues. Hepatitis involves inflammation of the liver caused by hepatotropic viruses transmitted via blood or food.
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