RNA interference assists in__________?
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Answer: C. Cell defence
Explanation
RNA interference acts as a crucial cellular defense mechanism to silence foreign genes, transposons, and viral RNA. This conserved biological pathway detects double-stranded RNA and destroys complementary messenger transcripts. Cells utilize this protective system to neutralize invading viruses and maintain genomic stability. RNA interference involves small interfering RNA molecules guiding enzymatic complexes to target specific sequences. Andrew Fire and Craig Mello discovered this gene-silencing mechanism, winning a Nobel Prize for their work. Post-transcriptional gene silencing prevents unwanted foreign RNA from producing harmful viral proteins.
Scientists harness RNA interference as a powerful laboratory research tool to study individual gene functions. Therapeutic applications utilizing RNA interference are being developed to treat viral infections and genetic disorders. Understanding cellular defense mechanisms helps researchers engineer crops resistant to devastating plant viruses. Cell proliferation involves the rapid division and multiplication of cells rather than targeted RNA silencing. Micropropagation is an artificial horticultural technique used to produce numerous plant clones rapidly in vitro. Cell differentiation refers to the specialization of unspecialized stem cells into distinct functional tissue types.
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