Intracellular digestion is linked to which organelle__________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. Lysosomes
Explanation
Lysosomes contain acidic hydrolytic enzymes that perform intracellular digestion of macromolecules safely. The internal acidic environment activates these specific degradative enzymes for efficient cellular recycling. Cellular waste materials and foreign particles are broken down inside these specialized membrane vesicles. Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic animal cells. Christian de Duve discovered these crucial compartments while studying cellular fractionation and enzyme localization. They maintain an acidic internal pH of around 4.8 using proton pumps in their membranes.
This organelle plays a vital role in defending cells against invading pathogens and bacteria. Programmed cell death and embryonic development rely heavily on the controlled rupture of lysosomes. Malfunctions in lysosomal enzymes lead to severe human metabolic disorders known as storage diseases. Mitochondria generate cellular energy through aerobic respiration rather than handling intracellular waste breakdown. Golgi bodies modify and package proteins rather than digesting cellular macromolecules or foreign particles. Plastids are plant organelles responsible for photosynthesis and pigment storage instead of intracellular digestion.
Related questions
Q1. Centrioles are built from ________ microtubule triplets.
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. 9
A typical centriole consists of a cylindrical array of nine microtubule triplets. These nine organized triplets form the structural barrel of the cylindrical organelle. This precise architectural pattern is conserved acr...
Q2. Carotenoids fulfill a protective role in_____________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. Both of these
Carotenoids act as accessory pigments and protective agents against oxidative damage from light. They neutralize harmful reactive oxygen species produced during intense solar exposure. This photoprotective role safeguard...
Q3. The central nervous system in humans comprises______________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. Both of these
The central nervous system in vertebrates consists of the brain and the spinal cord. Both structures process incoming sensory data and coordinate appropriate behavioral responses. Together they form the main control comm...
Q4. Which chemical component(s) are found in lower amounts in eukaryotic cells versus prokaryotic cells: (i) lipids (ii) carbohydrates (iii) proteins (iv) DNA_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. iv only
Eukaryotic cells generally contain much larger amounts of DNA packaged in chromosomes compared to prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells typically possess a single circular chromosome containing vastly less genetic material. The...
Q5. Chemical agents applied to living tissues to suppress microbial proliferation are termed___________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. Antiseptics
Antiseptics are antimicrobial substances applied to living tissue or skin to inhibit microorganisms. They prevent potential infections by stopping the proliferation of harmful bacteria on living surfaces. Their chemical...
Q6. Cells utilize _______ to synthesize proteins?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. RNA
Cells utilize various forms of RNA transcribed from DNA to translate genetic codes into proteins. Ribosomal and transfer RNA molecules directly facilitate the assembly of amino acids into polypeptide chains. Messenger RN...