Flagellar structures are built from________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. micro tubules
Explanation
Eukaryotic flagella and cilia require complex internal cytoskeletal scaffolding to function. This internal structural core is constructed from highly organized arrays of microtubules. Microtubules form the characteristic nine plus two axoneme arrangement in these structures. Microtubules are hollow cylindrical protein polymers composed of alpha and beta tubulin subunits. Motor proteins like dynein interact with microtubules to produce bending movements in flagella. Cytoskeletal elements provide mechanical strength and transport tracks within eukaryotic cells.
Sperm cells utilize microtubule-based flagella to swim toward egg cells during fertilization. Respiratory tract cells use ciliary beating to clear mucus and trapped debris efficiently. Defects in flagellar microtubules can lead to human genetic disorders like primary ciliary dyskinesia. Microfilaments are composed of actin and function primarily in cell shape and muscle contraction. Intermediate filaments provide mechanical tensile strength rather than driving flagellar movement. Glycoproteins are surface molecules involved in cell recognition rather than flagellar building.
Related questions
Q1. The ultimate recipient of electrons along the respiratory chain is____________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. Oxygen
Aerobic respiration extracts energy from nutrient molecules through a series of redox reactions. Molecular oxygen has a high electronegativity that pulls electrons through the transport chain. Therefore, oxygen serves as...
Q2. Investigations regarding chromosomal DNA molecules to understand hereditary pathology foundations were carried out by?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. Molecular biologists
Molecular biologists study the structure and function of biological macromolecules like DNA. Investigations into chromosomal DNA help researchers uncover the molecular basis of diseases. These scientific inquiries reveal...
Q3. The excretory apparatus of platyhelminths is comprised of___________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. Flame cells
Platyhelminths possess specialized tubular networks for internal waste excretion and osmoregulation. These primitive excretory systems feature specialized flagellated cells known as flame cells. The beating flagella rese...
Q4. The presence of a feathered shank is restricted to the biological class of ____________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. Asian class
Poultry breeds are categorized into specific geographical and biological classes by experts. The presence of feathered shanks is a defining trait required for specific breeds. This unique phenotypic characteristic is res...
Q5. Which of the options represents the fundamental taxonomic unit___________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. Species
Biological classification organizes living organisms into a hierarchical system of categories. Species represents the lowest and most specific rank in this taxonomic hierarchy. Interbreeding populations sharing common ch...
Q6. Which of the listed conditions does not stem from a viral agent?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. Tetanus
Tetanus is a dangerous neurological disease caused by a pathogenic bacterial species. The bacterium Clostridium tetani produces potent neurotoxins that affect human muscle function. Because it is caused by bacteria, teta...