The practice of restoring saline, uncultivable soils back to agricultural productivity is termed ___________________?
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Answer: A. Reclamation
Explanation
Reclamation involves chemical and physical treatments to restore saline and unproductive soils back to agricultural usability. Leaching excess salts out of the root zone using high-quality irrigation water is a primary reclamation step. Adding chemical amendments like gypsum helps replace harmful sodium ions with beneficial calcium ions in the soil. Soil salinity reduces crop yields by increasing osmotic pressure and creating toxic ion imbalances for plants. Alkaline and sodic soils suffer from poor structure and low permeability due to excess exchangeable sodium. Agronomic soil management requires continuous monitoring of electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratios.
Reclaiming abandoned salt-affected lands expands global food production capabilities in arid agricultural zones. Proper subsurface drainage installation is essential during reclamation to carry leached salts away safely. Sustainable farming practices prevent secondary salinization in newly reclaimed irrigation command areas. Fertilization adds essential nutrients to healthy soils rather than removing harmful salts or restoring uncultivable land. Growing crops is an agricultural production activity that requires reclaimed soil rather than acting as the reclamation process itself. Water application is a general irrigation practice that can cause salinization if drainage is inadequate.
- Subject
- Agriculture
- Category
- Agriculture
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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