Cows, bulls, buffaloes, horses, and to a significant extent:
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Answer: C. Both (a) & (b)
Explanation
Cows, bulls, and horses primarily graze on herbaceous ground vegetation in pastures. Camels and goats frequently act as browsers by feeding on woody shrubs and tree foliage. Both grazing livestock groups and browsing animals are accurately represented in these categories. Grazers possess wide muzzles adapted for clipping low-growing grasses and herbaceous plants. Browsers use mobile upper lips and tongues to select nutritious leaves from woody vegetation. Livestock management requires balancing grazer and browser numbers to protect rangeland vegetation.
Understanding feeding habits helps pastoralists manage mixed-species livestock herds sustainably. Overbrowsing by goats and camels can permanently suppress regeneration in dry forest areas. Proper stocking rates prevent rangeland degradation and maintain diverse plant species compositions. Option A groups sheep with grazers but overlooks the distinct browsing behavior of goats and camels. Option B highlights browser species while omitting the primary grazing animals listed in the question. Option D is incorrect because both previous statements correctly categorize livestock feeding habits.
- Subject
- Agriculture
- Category
- Forestry
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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