Certain urban centers in Pakistan have suffered from severe air pollution driven by escalating:
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Answer: C. Industrialization
Explanation
Rapid and poorly regulated industrialization releases large volumes of pollutants directly into urban atmospheres. Escalating factory emissions and power generation are primary drivers of severe smog and air degradation. Concentrated industrial zones in developing regions significantly increase particulate matter and toxic gas levels. Industrial growth often outpaces environmental regulations, leading to unchecked emissions from factories and plants. Combustion processes in industrial boilers consume fossil fuels and discharge sulfur and nitrogen oxides. Urban meteorology often traps these industrial pollutants over cities during temperature inversion events.
Addressing industrial air pollution requires transitioning to cleaner technologies and enforcing strict emission limits. Severe urban air pollution directly causes chronic respiratory illnesses among local human populations. Sustainable economic development must balance industrial output with robust environmental protection measures. Option A refers to population concentration and urban growth which contribute to traffic rather than heavy industry. Option B denotes general mechanization but lacks the specific heavy manufacturing context of industrial centers. Option D describes cultural development rather than the specific physical economic drivers of pollutant emissions.
- Subject
- Agriculture
- Category
- Forestry
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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