An abnormal localized plant tissue swelling induced by external stimuli (insects, fungi, mites) is designated ?
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Answer: A. Gall
Explanation
A gall is an abnormal localized plant tissue swelling induced by external feeding stimuli. Pests like insects, mites, bacteria, and fungi trigger excessive plant cell division to form galls. Plant galls provide protective housing and nutrient sources for the developing organisms residing inside. Plant galls form when invading organisms inject specific chemical secretions that alter normal plant growth hormones. Cell enlargement and rapid proliferation create distinct structural abnormalities on leaves, stems, or roots. Various insect species including gall wasps and midges rely entirely on galls for their life cycle.
Agronomists inspect crops for abnormal swellings to diagnose specific insect or pathogen infestations early. While most galls cause only minor aesthetic damage, severe infestations can stunt overall plant growth. Studying gall formation reveals complex biochemical interactions between plants and specialized herbivores. Boring refers to insects tunneling directly inside plant stems or fruit rather than inducing external swellings. Malformation describes general distorted growth without the localized protective structure typical of galls. Malnutrition involves nutrient deficiencies causing overall poor plant health instead of localized tissue tumors.
- Subject
- Agriculture
- Category
- Agriculture
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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