A dam that resists overturning through the lateral or vertical upward thrust of water counterbalanced by its own weight is known as __________________?
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Answer: A. Gravity dam
Explanation
The correct answer applies because gravity dams rely on their massive weight for stability. The downward gravitational force of the concrete mass counteracts the lateral pressure of water. This structural design prevents the dam from sliding or overturning under high water loads. Gravity dams are typically constructed from mass concrete or stone masonry placed across river valleys. Their heavy weight ensures safety against hydrostatic water pressure pushing against the upstream wall. Foundation geological conditions must be exceptionally strong to support the immense dead weight.
Civil engineers construct massive gravity dams for hydroelectric power generation and flood control. Reservoir management teams monitor uplift pressures beneath the dam foundation to ensure safety. Famous examples of gravity dams demonstrate their durability and reliability over many decades. Arch dams resist water pressure by transferring forces horizontally into the canyon abutments. Buttress dams use a sloping deck supported by structural buttresses to transmit water loads. Coffer dams are temporary enclosures used to dewater construction sites during civil projects.
- Subject
- Agriculture
- Category
- Agriculture
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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