A dam that counteracts the uplift pressure of subsoil water primarily through its own weight is called _________________?
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Answer: C. Gravity dam
Explanation
Gravity dams resist sliding and overturning moments entirely through their massive structural self-weight. The massive concrete mass presses downward to balance the horizontal water thrust pushing against the wall. By utilizing gravity alone, these structures successfully counteract the dangerous uplift pressures from subsoil water. Gravity dams are constructed from solid mass concrete or heavy masonry materials placed on stable rock foundations. Engineers carefully calculate the resultant forces to ensure the dam remains stable against sliding and rotational failure. Subsoil water creates hydrostatic uplift pressures that continuously push upward against the base of the concrete.
Buttress dams rely on sloping upstream faces supported by triangular buttresses rather than relying purely on mass weight. Arch dams transfer the main water load horizontally to the canyon walls rather than relying on vertical gravity forces. Concrete dam is a broad material category, whereas gravity specifically defines the fundamental mechanical stabilization mechanism used.
- Subject
- Agriculture
- Category
- Agriculture
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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